August 27 has seen volcanic catastrophes, military innovations, and cultural milestones throughout history.
The volcanic island of Krakatoa produced its most violent explosion, heard over 3,000 miles away. The eruption generated tsunamis reaching 120 feet high and ejected enough material to lower global temperatures.
Edwin Drake struck oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania, using the first purpose-built oil well. This discovery launched the petroleum industry and changed the course of world history.
A massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami devastated Beirut and the coast of Lebanon, killing an estimated 30,000 people. The disaster destroyed the famous law school of Beirut.
British forces defeated George Washington's Continental Army in the first major battle after the Declaration of Independence. Washington's skillful nighttime retreat saved his army from destruction.
Fifteen nations signed the pact renouncing war as an instrument of national policy. Though ultimately ineffective, it established the principle that aggressive war is illegal under international law.
The IRA assassinated Lord Louis Mountbatten by bombing his fishing boat off the coast of Ireland. The killing of the Queen's cousin and last Viceroy of India shocked Britain and the world.
Edison demonstrated his Kinetophone, combining motion pictures with synchronized sound. Though the technology was imperfect, it foreshadowed the 'talkies' revolution that would transform cinema.